TRONG TRƯỜNG HỢP CÓ LIÊN TỪ AND VÀ GIỚI TỪ OF, TA PHẢI XÁC ĐỊNH ĐẦY ĐỦ CHỦ TỪ HOẶC TÚC TỪ KHI CHUYỂN ĐỔI

3. Notes: a. Trong trường hợp có liên từ and và giới từ of, ta phải xác định đầy đủ chủ từ hoặc túc từ khi chuyển đổi. Ex:- Active: He and I see the film Passive: The film is seen by him and me. - Active: He bought a box of chocolates last week Passive: A box of chocolates was bought last week. b. Trong câu bị động: by O luôn đứng sau adverbs of place (trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn) và trước adverbs of time (trạng từ chỉ thời gian). Ex: (P) The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend. adv of place by O adv of time c. Trong câu bị động, ta có thể bỏ: by people, by us, by them, by someone…. 2 Ex: Passive: A new bridge has been built across the river (by them). d. Trong các thì có các trợ động từ (Auxiliary verbs) như: am/ is/ are, was/ were, has/ have, had…… Active: S + Aux + V + O + ……. Passive: S + Aux + be + V3/ed + (by O) + …… Ex: - Active: They have built a new bridge across the river. S Aux V O Passive: A new bridge has been built across the river (by them). S Aux be V3 by O - Active: Mai was watching a cartoon at 8 o’clock last night. S Aux V O Passive: A cartoon was being watched by Mai at 8 o’clock last night. S Aux be V-ed by O Active Passive S + V1 + O

S + am/is/are + V3/ed

S + am/is/are + V-ing + O

S + am/is/are + being +V3/ed

S + has/have + V3/ed + O

S + has/have + been + V3/ed

S + V2/ed + O

S + was/were +V3/ed

S + was/were + V-ing + O

S + was/were + being +V3/ed

S + had + V3/ed + O

S + had + been + V3/ed

S + will/shall + Vo + O

S + will/shall + be +V3/ed

I/ Change these sentences into the passive voice