THE INFINITIVE & CÁCH DÙNG• BARE INFINITIVE SỬ DỤNG TRONG CÁC CẤ...

1.The infinitive & CÁCH DÙNG

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Bare infinitive SỬ DỤNG trong các cấu trúc sau:** S au các động từ khuyết thiếu : can, may, might, must, will, shall, ………Ex: I can speak English ** Sau các động từ chỉ cảm quan : see, look, hear, feel, notice, watch, observe, overhear …..hoặc các từ như: make, let. have...Ex: I saw her get off the busChú ý khi động từ này ở thể bị động thì dùng to infinitive.Ex: She was seen to get off the bus ** Sau các ngữ động từ như: had better, would rather, had sooner, ……….** dùng trong cấu trúc: :Thức mệnh lệnhV + O , please.Ex: Go out, please.

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To infinitive được dùng trong các cấu trúc : a. Infinitive after V :: want, hope, volunteer , promise, mean, plan , expect, propose, stop, threaten, argree, decide, arrange, refuse, try, manage, offer, remember, attempt, begin, care, claim, continue, deserve, determine, demand, desire, fail, fear, forget, intend, learn, need, pretend, prepare, swear, ………….b. Infinitive used after Object ( S+ V+ O +to infinitive) advise, allow, ask, beg, believe, consider, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, guess, instruct, intend, invite, order, permit, persuade, tell, help, recomment, remind, call on, warn, urge,………c.Infinitive used after đại từ bất định : nothing, anything, something, someone,everyone, everything, noone, ….d. Infinitive used in following structure** It’s + adj + to V ( chủ ngữ giả )Ex: It is very dificult for me to learn English.** It’s + N+ to VEx: It is a pleasure to go for a walk with you.** It takes / took / will take + O+ time+ to V** S+ be / v + too+ adj / adv+ ( for O) + to V** S + tobe / v + adj / adv + enough+ ( for O) + to V** To infinitive dùng để chỉ mục đích e.Infinitive used after number: the first, the second, the third,……. The last.________ 2.The gerund a. Khi động từ đứng đầu câu làm chủ ngữ:Ving + be+ N / adj b. Khi làm bổ ngữ thường sử dụng sau các động từ: be, mean , look ...c. Khi làm tân ngữ

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sử dụng như 1 tân ngữ của động từ. Là 1 tân ngữ trực tiếp, được dùng sau các động từ như:Admit, avoid, appriciate, , consider, continue, dalay, deny, Ñnoy = like= love >< dislike = hate, begin = start >< stop = cease = finish, need, mention, keep, cancel, can’t stand = can’t help = can’t bear, mind, postpone, prefer, advise, forgive, dispute, miss, practise, risk, suggest, resist, recollect = recall, without, resent, ………

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Sử dụng sau 1 cụm động từ: approve of >< disapprove of, apologise for, believe in, count on, care for, give up, look forward to, keep on, succeed in, feel like, think of/ about, dream of, congratulate on, object to, insist on, confess to, advise against , rely on, concent to, resent to, put off, lead to, long for, ……….

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Sử dụng sau 1 " tinh từ + giới từ'Absorbed in, accustomed to = be used to = get used to , afraid of = terrified of = frightened of = scared of, amused at, ashamed of, awear of = consious of , ( in)capable of, interested in = fond of = keen on >< tired of = fed up with = bored with , sorry for, intent on, good at >< bad at, clever at, quick at >< slow at, worried about = ouxious about , surprised at / by = astonish at / about , thankful for, succesful in, happy about = glad about = excited about, famous for, angry at / about , worth of, furious of, fined for, responsible for = take responsibility for, lose time in >< lose no time in ………..

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Sử dụng sau 1 số cụm danh từ take responsibility for, choice of, intention of, reason for, method for, possibility of, have hesitation in , ………..

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Sử dụng trong 1 số cấu trúc sau:** It is no use + Ving: V« tÝch sù khi lµm g×There is no point in + Ving :** it is no good + Ving** spend ……..on + Ving ** wast ……… on + Ving ** S + V + O / TTSH + Giíi tõ + Ving:

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accuse so of

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suspect so of

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thank so for

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fine so for

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congratulate so on

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stop so from = prevent so from

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forgive so for

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excuse so for

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warn so against

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apologise to so for d. Khi đi sau cac giới từ: on, by, for, before, after,