RESULTS LABELLED IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE, WAS A CORRELATION MATRIX...

5. Results

labelled importance of knowledge, was

A correlation matrix with descriptive

dropped from further analysis due to its

statistics for all variables is provided in

reliability (0.6385) being below the

Table 1 at the end of this paper, with items

acceptable threshold (0.70) suggested by

Q17 and Q18 negatively worded and

Nunnally and Bernstein (1994).

transformed for analysis. This matrix

reveals high correlation between items

To test the hypotheses H

1a

, H

1b

and H

1c

,

Q14-Q18, corresponding to the attitude

the means for the items that comprise the

measure (Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975) and

factors were calculated and analysis of

there was also noteworthy correlation

variance (ANOVA) performed (Table 2).

between items Q8-Q10, those that used

Using an alpha of 0.01 the results indicate

the word satisfaction within the item

a difference between the three groups of

phrase. Interestingly, little or almost no

question structure for the factor attitude

correlation was found for items Q5-Q7,

and satisfaction.

Table 2: ANOVA

Sum of Squaresdf Mean SquareF Sig.

Attitude Between Groups32.399 2 16.199 12.300 .000

Within Groups 114.577 871.317

Total 146.976 89

Satisfaction Between Groups8.727 2 4.364 4.288 .017

Within Groups 22.544 871.018

Total 97.272 89

The posthoc test of Tukey HSD

attitude are reported (Table 3) because

(alpha=0.01) was conducted for pairwise

there was no significant difference

comparison. Only the results for the factor

between the three question structure groups for the factor satisfaction.

Table 3: Tukey HSD Multiple Comparisons and Homogenous Subsets – Attitude

Multiple Comparisons Question (I) Question (J) Mean Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig.

Tukey HSD Binary Open -1.1596* .29391 .000

Directed -1.3674* .29885 .000

Open Binary 1.1596* .29391 .000

Directed -.2078 .29647 .764

Directed Binary 1.3674* .29885 .000

Open .2078 .29647 .764

Homogenous Subset for alpha = 0.01

Subsets Question Structure N 1 2

Tukey HSDa,b Binary 30 3.0533

Open-ended 31 4.2129

Directed 29 4.4207

Sig. 1.00 .764

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 29.978 b. The group sizes are unequal. The harmonic mean of the group sizes is used. Type I error levels are not guaranteed. • Mean difference significant at the 0.01 level