1.1.3. Clause functions
In terms of functions (what role they have in a sentence), clauses can be
devided into main clauses and subordinate clauses. Subordinate clauses are
those which are parts of another clause, we can further divided them into
categories such as : nominal clauses, adverbial clauses, ...
- Nominal clauses are clauses function as noun phrases
That he passed the exam surprised everybody.
- Relative clauses are clauses introduced by WH- pronouns or “that” :
She told him lots of interesting things about their family,
which he had not known before
(130, English Smile)
Sometimes the people whom he argued with were as clever
as he was
(115 , English Smile)
Finally on June, Mr Richards complained to an intelligent
friend of him who lived in the same place
(94, English Smile)
- Comment clauses
To be honest, I am not sure what to do now
To tell you the truth, I do not think you have much chance of
success
[ 332, 8]
- Comparative clauses:
She met a man who was a few years older than she was
(124 , English Smile)
Sometimes the people whom he argued with were as clever as
he was
(115, English Smile )
- Adverbial clauses
+, Clauses of time
Clauses of time usually occur with such conjunctions as: when
, while, once, after, before, till, until, as since , as soon as ,...
Before you go to bed , put tea in the pot and the water in the
kettle.
(23 , Love Story)
I sat quietly in the penalty box while the team manager
cleaned the theo blood off my face.
( 25, Love Story)
We will do it as soon as you like.
(44, Oliver Twist)
+, Clauses of place
Mary takes the cat everywhere she go to.
(27 , English Smile)
I went to the park where I first met him.
(32, Love Story)
+, Clauses of concession: Conjunctions “though, although, but”
are used.
Perhaps I am being rather silly, but I am confused about: why
do I have to go to bed to make the tea ?
(84, English Smile)
Though the weather was bad, we enjoyed ourselves.
+, Clauses of cause/ reason : They usually occur with “because , as,
since, for”.
He like walking from the station to his office unless it was
raining, because it gave him some exercise
(86, English Smile)
Since no one ask me, I did not tell them.
+, Clauses of condition
Clauses of condition occur with subordinators:"if” or “unless”.
If the meeting finishes in time, I will come to Corneal and
watch you play.
(25, Love Story)
He liked walking from the station to his office unless it was
raining, because it gave him some exercise.
+, Clauses of purpose
A clauses of purpose may be an infinitive clause with “to” or “so as +to”.
He left early to catch the train.
You are willing to take a chance to give the man a start on
the road to success.
(84 , English Smile)
or it may be a clause introduced with “so that”
Peter kept his shirt on so that he would not get sunburn.
+, Clauses of result
Such these clauses are introduced with subordinators “so, therefore, or
thus”.
She likes drinking tea, so Mary ordered an electric machine
which made the tea.
+ Clauses of manner
Mary showed her how to use it.
Do it as the way that I showed you.
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