ECONOMIC ISSUES HAVE OCCUPIED PEOPLE'S MINDS THROUGHOUT THE AGES

Exercise 13:Economic issues have occupied people's minds throughout the ages. Aristotle and Plato in ancient Greece wroteabout problems of wealth, property, and (1) _____ Both of them were against commerce, feeling that to live bytrade was undesirable. The Romans borrowed their economic ideas from the Greeks and showed the samecontempt for trade.During the Middle Ages, the economic ideas of the Roman (2) _____ commerce as inferior to agriculture. Thedevelopment of modern nations during (3) _____ 16th century made many people to pay (4) _____ to the problemof increasing the wealth and (5) _____ of individuals. The economic policy of the leaders of that time was to (6)_____ national self-sufficiency. Gold and silver were regarded as an index of national power. Several powerfulcountries, such as England and Spain, were trying to expand their colonies and to (7) _____ the gold and silvermines from there. Many countries were always ready to plunge into a new war for gold and silver mines. It wasnecessary for a nation to keep wages low and the population large and growing. A large, ill-paid population (8)_____ more goods to sell at low prices to foreigners. It also followed that the earlier that children began to work,the better it was for their country's prosperity. One writer had a plan for children of the poor: "(9) _____ thechildren are four years old, they should be sent to the workhouse, taught to read two hours a day, and kept fullyemployed the rest of the time in any of the manufactures of the house which best suits their age, (10) _____ andcapacity.1. A. medicine B. philosophy C. education D. trade2. A. regarded B. chose C. selected D. wondered3. A. a B. an C. the D. Ø4. A. attention B. interest C. showing D. expression5. A. power B. powerful C. powerfully D. powered6. A. rise B. encourage C. recover D. pull7. A. research B. create C. invent D. exploit8. A. invest B. restructured C. inflated D. produced9. A. While B. When C. Although D. Since10. A. standard B. property C. health D. wealth