WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING PAIRS IS NOT CORRECTLY MATCHED

45.

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ?

(1)

Rules governing the behaviour

-

Norms

of group members

(2)

The potency of goals and

-

Valance

objects in the life space of the group

(3)

The ability of group members to

-

Cohesion

influence one-another

(4)

The degree of agreement regarding goals

-

Consensus

and group phenomenon

Instructions :

Read the passage below and answer the questions 46 - 50 that follow based

on your understanding of passage.

It is right time for India to create a Uniform Civil Code. While we are governed by the same

criminal and civil laws, in matters of marriage, inheritance, succession, divorce and adoption, we

live largely by the personal laws of our religion. Each community has its own distinctive practices,

but they are all unfair to women in their different ways. While Hindu, Christian and Parsi laws

have been codified and amended over time, many aspects of Muslim personal law remain

unlegislated, and left to the vagaries of Islamic jurisprudence and practice. Hindu personal law

was codified into four acts in the 1950s, and amended over the years. While it is still not fully

gender-just, it was certainly a radical leap for women’s rights. Christian personal law, already

codified, has been reformed by Parliament and the courts, after much community mobilisation.

Muslim personal law remains uncodified in many aspects, though the courts have steadily expanded

rights for Muslim women. While it is easy to make rhetorical arguments about gender equality

and securlarism, it is much harder to apply these principles across the uneven terrain of inheritance

and property, marriage and divorce, adoption and guardianship. Different communities can have

far-apart worldviews on the same subject -a Hindu marriage is a sacrament, a Muslim marriage is

a civil contract with spelt-out obligations - so a common code would have to be acceptable to all. It

should aim not to deprive any woman of the benefits that she currently has, under any personal

law. The Uniform Civil Code is not just a matter of gender justice; it is also a question of how a

nation accommodates its own diversity. In India, freedom of religion exists with other rights like

equality and non-discrimination. We need to imagine a common civil code for the sake of more

fairness in our families, our religious communities, and our nation. All women, across faiths, are

owed the rights of equal citizenship.