WITH WHICH OF FOLLOWING DOES THE WORD INITIATED IN THE PASSAGE COUL...

55.With which of following does the word initiated in the passage could best bereplaced?A.produced B. responded C. disrupted D. establishedRead the following passage and choose the correct answer to each question.Very few people in the modem world obtain their food supply by hunting and gatheringin the natural environment surrounding their homes. This method of harvesting fromnature’s provision is the oldest known subsistence strategy, and has been practised for atleast the last two million years. It was, indeed, the only way to obtain food untilrudimentary farming and the domestication of animals were introduced about 10,000years ago.Because hunter-gatherers have fared poorly in comparison with their agricultural cousins,their numbers have dwindled, and they have been forced to live in marginal environmentssuch as deserts, forests, or arctic wastelands. In higher latitudes, the shorter growingseason has restricted the availability of plant life. Such conditions have caused a greaterdependence on hunting and, along the coasts and waterways, on fishing. The abundanceof vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided agreater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants. In short, the environmentaldifferences have restricted the diet and have limited possibilities for the development ofsubsistence societies. Contemporary hunter-gatherers may help us understand ourprehistoric ancestors. We know from observation of modem hunter-gatherers in bothAfrica and Alaska that a society based on hunting and gathering must be very mobile.While the entire community camps in a central location, a smaller party harvests the foodwithin a reasonable distance from the camp. When the food in the area is exhausted, thecommunity moves on to exploit another site. We also notice a seasonal migration patternevolving for most hunter-gatherers, along with a strict division of labour between thesexes. These patterns of behaviour may be similar to those practised by mankind duringthe Paleolithic Period.