SECTION 2 TIME—25 MINUTES 18 QUESTIONS DIRECTIONS

4.

According to the passage, which of the following is a

factor that is threatening the survival of coral reef

describes coral reef communities as paradoxical most

likely for which of the following reasons?

communities?

(A) They are thriving even though human activities

(A) The waters they inhabit contain few nutrient

have depleted the nutrients in their environment.

resources.

(B) A decline in nutrient input is disrupting their

(B) They are able to survive in spite of an

symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae.

overabundance of algae inhabiting their waters.

(C) They are able to survive in an environment with

(C) The degraded waters of their marine habitats

limited food resources.

have reduced their ability to carry out

photosynthesis.

(D) Their metabolic wastes contribute to the

degradation of the waters that they inhabit.

(D) They are too biologically complex to survive in

habitats with minimal nutrient input.

(E) They are declining even when the water

surrounding them remains clear.

(E) Waste by-products result in an increase in

nutrient input to reef communities.

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Two divergent definitions have dominated sociologists'

discussions of the nature of ethnicity. The first emphasizes