THAT PICTURE IS SOMEWHAT………OF PICASSO’S EARLY WORK. THAT PICTU...

12. That picture is somewhat………of Picasso’s early work.

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Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the

earlynineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential

to a science of refrigeration, was . The commonsense notion that the

best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken,

for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early

efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice

from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors

achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient

icebox.

But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been

. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of

Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he

used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that

customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to

pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks.

One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer

have to travel to market at night in order to keep their cool.