SECTION 3: READING
Part 1: Read the following text and choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Why is global warming a problem? High levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (1)
______ to climate change. The oceans and seas are getting warmer and the polar ice caps are
melting. This causes the rise in sea levels, (2) ______ threatens low coastal regions and islands.
(3) ______, the weather is becoming more unpredictable, with severe storms and floods, or
unexpected droughts. Another effect of global warming is a rise in the number of (4) ______
species. Many animals and plants could become extinct if their natural habitats are changed.
What can we do about it? Scientists now agree that there is an urgent need to cut carbon
emissions across the world. Moreover, we need to develop alternative sources of energy, such
as wind, wave, or solar power. For individuals, being a vegetarian (5) ______ your carbon
footprint because it can reduce energy use.
1. A. cause B. lead C. result D. bring
2. A. where B. what C. which D. that
3. A. However B. Nevertheless C. Otherwise D. Furthermore
4. A. danger B. endanger C. endangered D. dangerous
5. A. reduces B. reduce C. raises D. raise
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Part 2: Read the following text and choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
In Britain, there are a number of different kinds of institutions of Higher Education. First
of all, there are the universities. Almost everyone has heard of Oxford and Cambridge, the two
oldest universities in England, but, there are a large number of universities, many of which
have opened since the war. The latest of these is the Open University, a unique institution,
which, as its name suggests, is open to all. Students of the Open University are not obliged to
have any previous qualifications. All the students are part time and are taught through the
medium of television and radio, although they do receive some personal tuition as well as
through centers located near their own homes. The first graduates were awarded their degrees
in 1973.
Besides the universities, there are other institutions such as Poly-mechanics and Technical
Colleges. These tend to offer courses of a vocational nature as well as academic courses. If a
student wants to study Management, Accounting or Librarianship, for example, he would be
more likely to go to one of these institutions. Colleges of Education provide training and
education for prospective teachers.
6. Which of the following are the oldest universities in England?
A. Oxford and Cambridge B. Open University and Cambridge
C. Polytechnics and technical colleges D. Open University and Oxford
7. The word “which” in the first paragraph refers to ______.
A. Oxford B. Cambridge C. number D. universities
8. If a student wants to attend some professional courses such as Management or Accounting,
he should go to ______.
A. one of the institutions of Poly-mechanics and technical Colleges
B. any of the teaching colleges
C. any universities except Poly-mechanics and technical Colleges
D. one of the Colleges of Education
9. The word “prospective” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.
A. past B. future C. successful D. ambitious
10. Which of the following could serve as the title for the passage?
A. Colleges of Education in Britain B. Life of British students
C. Higher Education in Britain D. System of Open Universities
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