SECTION 3. YOU WILL HEAR AN INTERVIEW WITH A MAN WHO IS ABOUT TO GO ON...

5. Which of the following can be inferred about Raed Al Yousofi? A. He is good at winter sports. B. He had never seen snow before. C. He used to live in a cold country. D. He works at Ski Dubai. III. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word. Write the words in the spaces provided. (0.7p). LET’S TAKE A “SELFIE” As every linguist knows, most of the languages are in a state of constant change. Over the course of time, old words die out and (1) words are adopted. As far as the English language is concerned, (2) such newcomer on the scene is the term “selfie”, which refers to a self-portrait photograph that the owner usually intends to post on a social networking site. The term has experienced a relatively short period in circulation, according to the media, with the earliest known usage (3) been recorded in 2002 somewhere in Australia. Since that time, however, (4) popularity has soared, and a small number of related terms, such as “Selfie”, have also (5) the headlines. For anyone who’s wondering, this refers to a picture of someone’s hair. Although neither of these terms would be known at all (6) the help of social media sites, they just go to show what inventive people youngsters can be and (7) quickly a niche word can become mainstream. IV. Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow. (0.8 p) THE HISTORY OF A COOL IMAGE  Section A. The history of sunglasses can be traced back to ancient Rome around the year AD 60, where the Emperor Nero is said to have watched gladiator fights whilst holding up polished emerald-green gems to his eyes, thus reducing the effect of the sun's glare. The very first actual recorded evidence of the use of sunglasses can be found from a painting by Tommaso da Modena in Italy, 1352, showing a person wearing sunglasses. Earlier, around the twelfth century in China, sunglasses were worn by court judges, not to protect their eyes from the sun, but in order to conceal any expressions in their eyes as it was important to keep their thoughts and opinions secret until the end of each trial. These were flat panes of quartz that had been polished smooth and then smoked to give their tint. It was not until 1430 that prescription glasses were first developed in Italy to correct vision, and these early rudimentary spectacles soon found their way to China, where they were again tinted by smoke to be used by the judges. The frames were carved out of either ivory or tortoiseshell, and some were quite ornate. During the 17th century, prescription glasses were being used in England to help elderly long-sighted people to see better. The Spectacle Makers Company was founded in England, which started manufacturing prescription glasses for the public and whose motto was "A Blessing to the Aged".  Section B. The development of sunglasses, however, remained static until the work of James Ayscough, who was known for his work on microscopes in London around 1750. He experimented with blue and green tinted lenses, believing they could help with certain vision problems. These were not sunglasses, however, as he was not concerned with protecting the eyes from the sun's rays. Prescription spectacles continued to be developed over the next few decades, especially regarding the design of the spectacle frames and how to get them to sit comfortably on the nose. The frames were made from leather, bone, ivory, tortoiseshell and metal, and were simply propped or balanced on the nose. The early arms or sidepieces of the frames first appeared as strips of ribbon that looped around the backs of the ears. Rather than loops, the Chinese added ceramic weights to the ends of the ribbons which dangled down behind the tops of the ears. Solid sidepieces finally arrived in 1730, invented by Edward Scarlett.  Section C. Sunglasses, as we know them today, were first introduced by Sam Foster in America, 1929. These were the first sunglasses designed specifically to protect people's eyes from the harmful sun's rays. He founded the Foster Grant Company and sold the first pair of Foster Grant sunglasses on the boardwalk by the beaches in Atlantic City, New Jersey. These were the first mass-produced sunglasses, and from this year onwards, sunglasses really began to take off.  Section D. In 1936, Edwin H Land patented the Polaroid filter for making polarized sunglasses. This type of tint reduces glare reflected from surfaces, such as water. Later in that same year, Ray-Ban took the design of pilots' sunglasses further by producing the aviator style sunglasses that we know today, using this recently invented polarized lens technology. The edge of the frame characteristically drooped away at the edges by the cheeks in a sort of tear drop shape, to give a full all-round protection to the pilots' eyes, who regularly had to glance down towards the aircraft's instrument panel. The polarized lens reduced the glare from light reflected off the instrument panel. Pilots were given these sunglasses free of charge, but in 1937 the general public were allowed to purchase this aviator-style model that "banned" the sun's rays as Ray-Ban sunglasses.  Section E. In 1960, Foster Grant started a big advertising campaign to promote sunglasses, and pretty soon famous film stars and pop stars started wearing sunglasses as part of their image. The public began to adopt this new fashion of wearing sunglasses, not just to protect their eyes from bright light, but also as a way of looking good. Today, sunglasses are continuing to be improved with efficient UV blocking tints, cutting out all the harmful ultra-violet light. Various coloured tints are now available and, of course, the frame styles are very varied and exciting. Now you can really make a statement with your fashion sunglasses, transforming your image or creating a new one. Designer sunglasses have certainly come a long way in just a few years, and now not only protect our eyes from the harmful sun's rays, but are also an important fashion accessory - and it all started nearly 2,000 years ago with the Roman Emperor Nero! Choose the correct headings for sections A- E from the list of headings below. Write your answers in the boxes provided. List of Headings List of Section Your answer i. The arrival of modern sunglasses 1. Section A ii. The use of sunglasses in early courts 2. Section B iii. New developments in sunglasses lenses 3. Section C iv. The introduction of sidepieces on sunglasses 4. Section D v. Advertising campaigns for sunglasses 5. Section E vi. The origins and early history of sunglasses vii. Ways in which sunglasses have become trendy viii. How the physical shape of early sunglasses developed Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? Write your answers in the boxes provided. Write: YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer. NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer. NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this.