2.2 Component Interaction
National flood compensation system components operate in complex ways. In reality the components
identified above are not independent of one another. In an attempt to capture two significant
relationships a Swiss Re (2012) classification of national flood insurance systems attempts to relate the
public/private status of each system with the voluntary/mandatory status. The result of the classification
for several industrialised countries is set-out in figure 1 below:
Figure 1: Four-‐way classification of national flood compensation systems This four-way classification, based on these two attributes, is used to categorise different national flood
compensation systems. In each category, insurance is provided either by government organisations or
the private insurance sector. In mandatory systems flood insurance is often bundled with other forms of
catastrophe insurance as part of a package. It is rarely available as a separate policy choice in contrast
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to optional schemes where flood insurance is offered as an elective choice as in Germany (Swiss Re,
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