12.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Humanitarian Dorothea Dix was born in Hampden, Maine, in 1802. At the age of 19, she
established a school for girls, the Dix Mansion School, in Boston, but had to close it in 1835 due to
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her poor health. She wrote and published the first of many books for children in 1824. In 1841, Dix
accepted an invitation to teach classes at a prison in East Cambridge, Massachusetts. She was
deeply disturbed by the sight of mentally-ill persons thrown in the jail and treated like criminals.
For the next eighteen months, she toured Massachusetts institutions where other mental patients
were confined and reported the shocking conditions she found to the state legislature. When
improvements followed in Massachusetts, she turned her attention to the neighboring states and
then to the West and South.
Dix's work was interrupted by the Civil War; she served as superintendent of women
hospital nurses for the federal government. Dix saw special hospitals for the mentally-ill built in
some fifteen states. Although her plan to obtain public land for her cause failed, she aroused
concern for the problem of mental illnesses all over the United States as well as in Canada and
Europe. Dix's success was due to her independent and thorough research, her gentle but persistent
manner, and her ability to secure the help of powerful and wealthy supporters.
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