WHAT IS NOT A CAUSE OF FOREST FIRES MENTIONED IN THIS PASSAGE

Câu 43: What is NOT a cause of forest fires mentioned in this passage?

A. supernatural forces

B. weather

C. human carelessness

D. geographical characteristics

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to

indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that is marked by elevated blood glucose (commonly referred

to as blood sugar). A large portion of the food that we eat is converted by the body into

glucose. The blood delivers glucose throughout the body, but the hormone insulin is needed

in order for it to be transported into most cells. Insulin comes from the pancreas. If the

pancreas does not make sufficient insulin or cells are resistant to its activity of promoting

glucose uptake, the blood glucose level becomes elevated.

Type I diabetes represents approximately 5-10% of diabetic patients. It usually has a rapid

onset and most frequently manifest in children and adolescents.

Because the body cannot use dietary glucose, the level in the blood is elevated and excess

glucose is lost in the urine, causing weakness, thirst and hunger. The treatment for type I

diabetes is insulin replacement.

Type II diabetes is found in some 120 million adults, who are able to produce insulin but the

liver and body cells are resistant to its actions. Some type II diabetics can be effectively

treated with diet alone, but many require oral medications.

Historically, this has been thought of as maturity onset diabetes because it tends to occur

after age 50, but there has been a dramatic increase in because it tends to occur after age 50,

but there has been a dramatic increase in the number of adolescents with the disease. This is

thought to be due to increased obesity and decreased physical activity in this age group.

The major complication of diabetes is damage to the heart and blood vessels, which can

cause heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation. The effects on blood vessels also increase

the risk of developing high blood pressure (hypertension).

Diabetics have an increased risk of eye disease. Damage to the retina associated with

diabetes is the leading cause of blindness in adults under age 65 in the US.

When blood glucose is high, nerve cells swell and scar. The disease associated with damage

to the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord is referred to as peripheral neuropathy. The

most common type of neuropathy in diabetics involves impairment of sensory nerves.

Impaired nerve signals to the brain about sensations such as the detection of heat or pain

may lead to burns or undetected cuts that can become infected. If untreated, infected foot

and leg ulcers can spread to the bone and may require amputation. Burning, pain or tingling

sensations in the hands, legs and feet are also common.