WHAT IS THE BEST TITLE OF THE PASSAGE

Câu 25:

What is the best title of the passage?

A.

Shackleton‟s Amazing Feat

B.

A Great Attempt to Cross Antarctica

C.

Shackleton‟s Life in Antarctica

D.

A Successful Expedition

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to

indicate the correct answer to the following questions.

Free-standing sculpture that is molded or carved is a type familiar to almost everyone.

Although certain free-standing figures or groups of figures can have only a single side

intended for viewing, others are completed on all sides. As with all other forms of art, the

ultimate

shape of a sculpture reflects the artist„s vision of individuals or experiences

represented by the work. Throughout history, people everywhere have discovered a need

for sculpture as a record of events and feelings.

Materials which can be sculptured do much to contribute to the artist‟s imagination.

Wood, stone, metal, and various types of plastic and synthetics are all used as sculpting

media. When sculptures are made of stone, wood, ivory, or even ice, the sculptor carves

or chips the substance to reduce it to the necessary shape. Developing a sculptured image

on all sides represents a change from the older approach when artists left the back portion

of the figure unfinished and rough. In fact, sculpture in relief is completely attached to

the flat background material and appears to be a part of it. Relief, which is completed

only on one side intended for viewing, was the first type of sculpture created by man,

when ancient sculptors removed the background material in a side of a tree or a cave to

make their drawing appear more realistic.

While creating a statue, the artist depends on the appropriate lighting to develop the

figure because the quality of the final product relies on the interplay between light and

shade. When the work is finished, the sculpture must be displayed in the same light as it

was originally created. If a light from a source is too weak or too strong, the effect that

the sculptor intended may be lost. For example, in painting, the light and shade give the

image shape and solidity that cannot be altered by an external light in which it is

displayed. When a sculpture is exhibited, the artist‟s work is brought to life by light, and

its character can be altered by the control of the light source. A fundamental difference

between a painting and a sculpture is that when viewing a painting, the

audience

can

only see the point of view that the painter had intended. A free- standing sculpture can be

seen from practically any angle. The job of the sculptor is then to attain the quality and

the volume of the image from any possible point of view.

In addition to carving a work, sculptures can be cast. In the process of casting, a

sculpture can be reproduced in a mold when a liquefied medium is poured into shape.

After the material from which the sculpture is made hardens, the mold is removed, and

the work is cleaned of the excess and polished. Casting allows the artists to produce as

many

replicas

as needed. Most commercially sold sculptures are made in this way.

Casting metals requires special care and skill. Bronze is the preferred metal because of its

versatility and malleability. To make bronze sculpture, the space in a mold is filled with

wax until it is melted by the heated metal. This process, sometimes called lost-wax, was

favored by Benvenuto Cellini and was common among the artists in ancient China.