60. A. regard B. respect C. suppose D. think
VI.Read the passage and answer the question that follow
Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as "silent,"
the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent. From the very beginning,
music was regarded as an indispensable accompaniment ; when the Lumiere films
were shown at the first public film exhibition in the Unites States in February 1896,
they were accompanied by piano improvisations on popular tunes. At first, the music
played bore no special relationship to the films ; an accompaniment of any kind was
sufficient.
Within a very short time, however, the incongruity of playing lively music to a
solemn film became apparent, and film pianists began to take some care in matching
their pieces to the mood of the film.
As movie theaters grew in number and importance, a violinist, and perhaps a
cellist, would be added to the pianist in certain cases, and in the larger movie theaters
small orchestras were formed. For a number of years the selection of music for each
film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra,
and very often the principal qualification for holding such a position was not skill or
taste
so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces. Since the
conductor seldom saw the films until the night before they were to be shown (if,
indeed, the conductor was lucky enough to see them then), the musical arrangement
was normally improvised in the greatest hurry.
To help meet this difficulty, film distributing companies started the practice of
publishing suggestions for musical accompaniments. In 1909, for example, the
Edison Company began issuing with their films such indications of mood as
"pleasant," "sad," "lively." The suggestions became more explicit, and so emerged
the musical cue sheet containing indications of mood, the titles of suitable pieces of
music, and precise directions to show where one piece led into the next.
Certain films had music especially composed for them. The most famous of these
early special scores was that composed and arranged for D.W. Griffith's film Birth of
a Nation, which was released in 1915.
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