2. The variable costing income statement appears below:
Sales... Rp191,250
Less variable expenses:
Variable cost of goods sold:
Beginning inventory ... Rp 0
Add variable manufacturing costs
(250 units × Rp460 per unit)... 115,000
Goods available for sale... 115,000
Less ending inventory
(25 units × Rp460 per unit) ... 11,500
Variable cost of goods sold* ... 103,500
Variable selling and administrative expenses
(225 units × Rp20 per unit) ... 4,500 108,000
Contribution margin ... 83,250
Less fixed expenses:
Fixed manufacturing overhead... 60,000
Fixed selling and administrative expenses... 20,000 80,000
Net operating income ... Rp 3,250
* The variable cost of goods sold could be computed more simply as:
225 units sold × Rp460 per unit = Rp103,500.
The difference in net operating income between variable and absorption
costing can be explained by the deferral of fixed manufacturing over-
head cost in inventory that has taken place under the absorption costing
approach. Note from part (1) that Rp6,000 of fixed manufacturing over-
head cost has been deferred in inventory to the next period. Thus, net
operating income under the absorption costing approach is Rp6,000
higher than it is under variable costing.
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