UNIT 4. CARING FOR THOSE IN NEEDPART I. PHONETICS

Humanitarian Dorothea Dix was born in Hampden, Maine, in 1802. At the age of 19, she established a

school for girls, the Dix Mansion School, in Boston, but had to close it in 1835 due to her poor health. She wrote

and published the first of many books for children in 1824. In 1841, Dix accepted an invitation to teach classes

at a prison in East Cambridge, Massachusetts. She was deeply disturbed by the sight of mentally-ill persons

thrown in the jail and treated like criminals. For the next eighteen months, she toured Massachusetts

institutions where other mental patients were confined and reported the shocking conditions she found to

the state legislature. When improvements followed in Massachusetts, she turned her attention to the

neighbouring states and then to the West and South.

Dix's work was interrupted by the Civil War; she served as superintendent of women hospital nurses

for the federal government.

Dix saw special hospitals for the mentally-ill built in some fifteen states. Although her plan to obtain

public land for her cause failed, she aroused concern for the problem of mental illnesses all over the United

States as well as in Canada and Europe.

Dix's success was due to her independent and thorough research, her gentle but persistent manner,

and her ability to secure the help of powerful and wealthy supporters.

106. In what year was the Dix Mansion School closed?

A. 1802

B. 1824

C. 1835

D. 1841

107. Why did Dorothea Dix first go to a prison?

A. She was convicted of a crime.

B. She taught classes there.

C. She was sent there by the state legislature. D. She was doing research for a book.

108. Where was Dorothea Dix first able to bring about reforms in the treatment of the mentally-ill?

A. Canada

B. Europe

C. Massachusetts

D. The West and the South

109. The word "confined" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_______.

A. restricted

B. treated

C. cared for

D. supported

110. Dorothea Dix was NOT successful in her attempt to_______.

A. arouse concern for the mentally-ill B. become superintendent of nurses

C. obtain public lands

D. publish books for children