Câu 42: This article is about ________
A. American men as househusbands B. housewives in America
C. how more American women are working D. how family life in America is changing
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions below.
Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more
real than speech. A little thought, however, will show w hy speech is primary and writing
secondary to language. Human beings have been writing (as far as we can tell from surviving
evidence) for at least 5000 years; but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since
there have been human beings.
When writing did develop, it was derived from and represented speech, although
learn to talk well before we learn to write; any human child who is not severely handicapped
physically or mentally will learn to talk: a normal human being cannot be prevented from doing so.
On the other hand, it takes a special effort to learn to write. In the past many intelligent and useful
members of society did not acquire the skill, and even today many who speak languages
with writing systems never learn to read or write, while some who learn the rudiments of
those skills do so only imperfectly.
To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not, however, to disparage the latter.
One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records
that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized.
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