READING. I. FILL IN EACH NUMBERED BLANK WITH ONE SUITABLE WORD. (2....
SECTION 3: READING. I. Fill in each numbered blank with ONE suitable word. (2.0 points) The African elephant is (1)
………..
largest animal in the world. Both the African and the Indian elephant (2)………..
to the group of animals which we (3)………..
mammals. The African elephant is larger (4)………..
the Indian elephant and weighs as much as 8 tons. Elephants sleep (5)………..
their feet and the strange thing is (6)………..
they have bad dreams, they make (7)………..
noise with their trunks. They need great quantities of food every day and this is the reason (8)………..
they move to places with rich vegetation. They eat grass, leaves (9)………..
fruit and they walk long distances to large family groups but the old males often live alone (10)………..
they die. II. Read the passage below and choose the best answer to each question. (2.0 points) TRAFFIC IN OUR CITIES The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk (1) ……… accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is difficult to (2) ………people to change their habits and leave their cars at home. One possible (3) ………. is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by (4) ……….charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who (5) ………..the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, (6) ………….. as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a number of cities, using a special electronic card (7) ………….. to windscreen of the car. Another way of dealing with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the (8) _______ of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed in to the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus service for the (9) …………. stage of their journey. Of course, the most important thing is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares (10) ………. at an acceptable level. 1. A. of B. for C. about D. by 2. A. make B. arrange C. suggest D. persuade 3. A. approach B. manner C. custom D. style 4. A. enlarging B. increasing C. growing D. developing 5. A. crosses B. refuses C. breaks D. cracks 6. A. named B. seen C. called D. known 7. A. fixed B. joined C. built D. placed 8. A. outskirts B. border C. outside D. limit 9. A. late B. end C. complete D. final 10. A. taken B. kept C. given D. stood III. Read the passage below and choose the best answer to each question. (2.0 points) In 1826, a Frenchman named Niépce needed pictures for his business. He was not a good artist, so he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his yard. That was the first photograph. The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype. Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities, and mountains. In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple and photographers had to carry lots of film and processing equipment. However, this did not stop photographers, especially in the United States. After 1840, daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities. Matthew Brady was one well-known American photographer. He took many portraits of famous people. The portraits were unusual because they were lifelike and full of personality. Brady was also the first person to take pictures of a war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible. In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography. Photographers could buy film ready-made in rolls, instead of having to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later. They did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive. With a small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends, and favorite places. They called these pictures "snapshots". Documentary photographs became popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used them. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawings. Some people began to think of photography as a form of art. They thought that photography could do more than show the real world. It could also show ideas and feelings, like other art forms. 1. The first photograph was taken with ______. A. a small handheld camera B. a very simple camera C. a daguerreotype D. new types of film 2. Daguerre took a picture of his studio with ______. A. a new kind of camera B. a very simple camera C. special equipment D. an electronic camera 3. The word “this” in the passage refers to the ______. A. carrying of lots of film and processing equipment B. stopping of photographers from taking photos C. fact that daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities D. taking of pictures of people and moving things 4. The word “ruined” in the passage is closest in meaning to “______”. A. poorly-painted B. heavily-polluted C. terribly spoiled D. badly damaged 5. The word “lifelike” in the passage is closest in meaning to “______”. A. moving B. realistic C. touching D. manlike 6. The latest invention mentioned in the passage is the invention of ______. A. handheld cameras B. processing equipment C. daguerreotypes D. rolls of film 7. The word “handheld” in the passage is closest in meaning to “______”. A. handling manually B. held by hand C. controlling hands D. operated by hand 8. Matthew Brady was well-known for ______. A. inventing daguerreotypes B. the small handheld camera C. taking pictures of French cities D. portraits and war photographs 9. As mentioned in the passage, photography can ______. A. print old pictures B. show the underworld C. convey ideas and feelings D. replace drawings 10. Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage? A. Different Steps in Film Processing B. Photography and Painting C. Story of Photography D. Story of Famous Photographers