10. Sally must have called her sister last night, but she arrived home too late to call her.
A B C D
PART THREE: READING
I. Read the passage below and choose the correct answer for each question.
Write your answers A, B, C or D on your answer sheet. (5 pts)
Petroleum products, such as gasoline, kerosine, home heating oil, residual fuel oil, and lubricating oils, come from one
source-crude oil found below the earth's surface, as well as under large bodies of water, from a few hundred feet below the surface
to as deep as 25,000 feet into the earth's interior. Sometimes crude oil is secured by drilling a hole through the earth, but more dry
holes are drilled than those producing oil. Pressure at the source or pumping forces crude oil to the surface.
Crude oil wells flow at varying rates, from ten to thousands of barrels per hour. Petroleum products are always measured in
forty-two-gallon barrels.
Petroleum products vary greatly in physical appearance: thin, thick, transparent or opaque, but regardless, their chemical
composition is made up of only two elements: carbon and hydrogen, which form compounds called hydrocarbons. Other chemical
elements found in union with the hydrocarbons are few and are classified as impurities. Trace elements are also found, but these are
of such minute quantities that they are disregarded. The combination of carbon and hydrogen forms many thousands of compounds
which are possible because of the various positions and joinings of these two atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule.
The various petroleum products are refined from the crude oil by heating and condensing the vapors. These products are
the so-called light oils, such as gasoline, kerosine, and distillate oil. The residue remaining after the light oils are distilled is known as
heavy or residual fuel oil and is used mostly for burning under boilers. Additional complicated refining processes rearrange the
chemical structure of the hydrocarbons to produce other products, some of which are used to upgrade and increase the octane rating
of various types of gasolines.
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