ACCORDING TO THE PASSAGE, PEOPLE IN BRITAIN REFUSE PUBLIC TRANSPORT BE...

Câu 42:

According to the passage, people in Britain refuse public transport because

.

A.

they like to share rides with neighbours

B.

they think it is not good enough

C.

they see no reason to use their cars less

D.

petrol is relatively cheap in Britain

Read the following passage and mark the letter A., B, C, or D on your answer sheet to

indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

In 1826, a Frenchman named Niépce needed pictures for his business. He was not a good artist,

so he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his

yard. That was the first photograph.

The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another

Frenchman, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his

pictures, you could see everything clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was

called a daguerreotype.

Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes

from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities, and mountains.

In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people

and moving things. The process was not simple and photographers had to carry lots of film and

processing equipment. However,

this

did not stop photographers, especially in the United States.

After 1840, daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.

Matthew Brady was one well-known American photographer. He took many portraits of

famous people. The portraits were unusual because they were

lifelike

and full of personality. Brady

was also the first person to take pictures of a war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers

and

ruined

cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.

In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography. Photographers could buy film

ready- made in rolls, instead of having to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to

process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later. They did

not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small

handheld

camera made

photography less expensive. With a small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to

use cameras just for fun.

They took pictures of their families, friends, and favorite places. They called these pictures

"snapshots".

Documentary photographs became popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and

books also used them. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real

than drawings.

Some people began to think of photography as a form of art. They thought that photography

could do more than show the real world. It could also show ideas and feelings, like other art forms.

From “Reading Power” by Beatrice S. Mikulecky and Linda Jeffries