ACCORDING TO THE PASSAGE, PEOPLE IN BRITAIN REFUSE PUBLIC TRANSPORT BE...
Câu 42:
According to the passage, people in Britain refuse public transport because
.
A.
they like to share rides with neighbours
B.
they think it is not good enough
C.
they see no reason to use their cars less
D.
petrol is relatively cheap in Britain
Read the following passage and mark the letter A., B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niépce needed pictures for his business. He was not a good artist,
so he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his
yard. That was the first photograph.
The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another
Frenchman, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his
pictures, you could see everything clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was
called a daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes
from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities, and mountains.
In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people
and moving things. The process was not simple and photographers had to carry lots of film and
processing equipment. However,
this
did not stop photographers, especially in the United States.
After 1840, daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.
Matthew Brady was one well-known American photographer. He took many portraits of
famous people. The portraits were unusual because they were
lifelike
and full of personality. Brady
was also the first person to take pictures of a war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers
and
ruined
cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.
In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography. Photographers could buy film
ready- made in rolls, instead of having to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to
process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later. They did
not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small
handheld
camera made
photography less expensive. With a small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to
use cameras just for fun.
They took pictures of their families, friends, and favorite places. They called these pictures
"snapshots".
Documentary photographs became popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and
books also used them. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real
than drawings.
Some people began to think of photography as a form of art. They thought that photography
could do more than show the real world. It could also show ideas and feelings, like other art forms.
From “Reading Power” by Beatrice S. Mikulecky and Linda Jeffries