ACCORDING TO PARAGRAPH 3, WHAT KIND OF PEOPLE WHO REQUIRES COU...

Câu 34. According to paragraph 3, what kind of people who requires counselling?

A. People who have no problems but want self-discovery and self-improvement.

B. People who live a boring life with no mentionable hobbies or interests.

C. People who have experienced a stressful or traumatic life event.

D. People with mental health problems needing a supportive environment.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the answer to

each of the question.

Though gambling is typically associated with casino games,

strategic

sports betting is rapidly

gaining in popularity – and that's a whole other ball game, Prof. Dannon explains. "Sports

gamblers seem to believe themselves the cleverest of all gamblers. They think that with

experience and knowledge – such as player's statistics, manager's habits, weather conditions,

and stadium capacity – they can predict the outcome of a game better than the average person."

But in a study published in the journal Psychopathology, Prof. Dannon and Dr. Ronen

Huberfeld of the Beer Yaakov Mental Health Center determined that neither betting experience

nor knowledge of the arcane details of the game is connected to successful betting outcomes.

Indeed, he says, the two most successful gamblers in their study had no prior experience in

gambling or knowledge of the sport in question. This should inform how psychologists

approach sports gamblers, who need to be treated using different methods than their casino-

addicted counterparts. For their study, the researchers focused on the field of soccer betting, one

of the most popular and growing forms of sports gambling. They recruited three groups of

participants, including 53 professional sports gamblers, 34 soccer fans who were

knowledgeable about the sport but had never gambled, and finally, 78 non-gamblers with no

prior knowledge of soccer at all. All participants were asked to place bets on the final scores of

the 16 second-round matches of the Champion's League, organized by the Union of European

Football Associations. This model mimics how gamblers actually put their money on the games,

where

they

need to bet on exact scores to win.

Although those who had prior knowledge of soccer were expected to have a higher success rate,

the researchers discovered that, in fact, their success rate was no better than those of the other

two groups. Interestingly, the two participants with the most successful record, correctly betting

on seven out of the 16 games each,

hailed

from the group with no prior understanding of the

sport.

This doesn't indicate that there is an advantage to inexperience, says Prof. Dannon – many

others in the third group were unable to predict any of the results correctly. But the outcome

exposes the myth of knowledge as a powerful betting advantage. The sense of control that

encourages sports gamblers in their betting is just an illusion.

(Source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/)