1998) and the dependency output is analyzed in
In IR the problem that queries and relevant tex-
order to determine whether relations present in a
tual content often do not exhibit the same terms is
question also appear in a candidate sentence. For
commonly encountered. Latent Semantic Index-
the question “Who killed John F. Kennedy”, for
ing (Deerwester et al., 1900) was an early, highly
example an answer sentence is expected to con-
influential approach to solve this problem. More
tain the answer as subject of the verb “kill”, to
recently, a significant amount of research is ded-
which “John F. Kennedy” should be in object re-
icated to query alteration approaches. (Cui et al.,
lation.
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