10. I have gone____computer games. They are not as interesting as before.
Part 2: Complete the following passage with prepositions.
It is not easy trying to cope with fear. Most people (11) _______ some stage
in their lives feel afraid of something; fear of the dark as children, afraid of
spiders or flying. For the most part, these fears are normal and do not
interfere (12)_______ our ability to get on with our lives.
However, some people are afraid of something (13) _______ such an extent
that it prevents them from leading a normal life. For example, 'electrophobia'
- being afraid of electricity - makes life in today's world extremely difficult.
In fact, you can be afraid of anything and there is almost certainly a name
for it. You can be afraid of clouds, certain colors, bicycles, rain, mushrooms
and even sitting down. Apparently, the list of phobia gets longer everyday,
but for people who have a real terror of something, help is
(14) _______ hand. Researchers are making enormous progress (15)
_______ understanding what a phobia is and what makes it come
(16) _______ .
It is surprising how many people think they suffer from a phobia when
actually all they are really experiencing is a strong dislike or distaste (17)
_______ something.
You may think you are computer phobic and want to throw your machine
out of the nearest window. But that is not the same as being really
'mechanophobic', suffering from a racing heart and being short of breath (18)
_______ the mere sight of a computer.
Experts say that you cannot take a true phobia (19) _______ anything else as
it affects the whole of your nervous system. If you cannot run away from
whatever is causing the fear, you feel that is inevitable. On the other hand,
it's natural for most people to be afraid if they are aboard an airplane which
is flying into a storm. Most psychologists agree that phobias can be
described (20) _______ three main ways: social phobias, panic disorders and
specific phobias.
V. OPEN CLOZE TEST
Passage 1
Although noise, commonly (l) _______ as unwanted sound, is a widely
recognized form of pollution, it is very difficult to measure because the
discomfort (2) _______ by different individuals is highly subjective and,
therefore, variable. Exposure to lower levels of noise may be (3)
_______ irritating, whereas exposure to higher levels may actually cause(4)
_______ loss. Particularly in congested urban areas, the noise
produced (5) _______ a by-product of our advancing technology causes
physical harm, and detracts from the quality of life for those who are
exposed to it.
Noise causes effects that the hearer cannot control and to (6) _______ the
body never becomes accustomed. Loud noises instinctively signal danger (7)
_______ any organism with a hearing mechanism, including human
beings. (8) _______response, heartbeat and respiration accelerate, blood
vessels constrict, the skin pales, and muscles tense. In fact, there is a general
increase in functioning (9) _______ about by the flow of adrenaline release
in response to fear, and some of these responses persist even longer than the
noise, occasionally as long as 30 minutes (10) _______ the sound has
ceased.
Passage 2
Unlikely (11) _______ it may seem, there has now been expert confirmation
that wild pumas and lynxes are at (12)_______ in parts of Britain, rather
than being the figments of some wild imaginations. Previous sightings of
such large cats had been put (13) _______ to exaggeration. After all, the
argument went, some people are prone to seeing flying saucers and Loch
ness monsters, particularly when under the influence of one drink. Some
newspapers were suspected of having made up stories such as (14)
_______ of the Beast of Exmoor, an animal that is responsible for the deaths
of hundreds of sheep over the past ten years. (15) _______ experts have now
come up with proof that such stories were in earnest after all. The animals
are in all (16) _______ pets which have escaped from small zoos, or been
abandoned by their owners. Because the keeping of such animals is severely
restricted under the (17) _______ of the Dangerous Wild Animal Act of
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