WE CAN INFER FROM THE PASSAGE THAT _________

43. We can infer from the passage that _________.A. desert life is colorful and diverse B. water is the basis of desert lifeC.living things adjust to their environment D.healthy animals live longer livesRead the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correctanswer for each of the questionsTHE BODY CLOCKWhy is it that flying to New York from London will leave you feeling less tired than flying to London fromNew York? The answer may be a clear case of biology not being able to keep up with technology.Deep inside the brain there is a “clock” that governs every aspect of the body’s functioning: sleep and wakecycles, levels of alertness, performance, mood, hormone levels, digestion, body temperature and so on. Itregulates all of these functions on a 24-hour basis and is called the circadian clock (from the Latin, circa “about”+ dies “day”).This body clock programmes us to be sleepy twice a day, between 3-5 a.m and again between 3-5 p.m.Afternoon tea and siesta times are all cultural responses to our natural biological sleepiness in the afternoon.One of the major causes of the travelers’ malady known as jet lag is the non-alignment of a person’s internalbody clock with clocks in the external world.Crossing different time zones confuses the circadian clock, which then has to adjust to the new time andpatterns of light and activity. To make matters more complex, not all internal body functions adjust at the samerate. So your sleep/wake may adjust to a new time zone at one rate, while your temperature adjusts at a differentpace. Your digestion may be on a different schedule altogether.Though we live in a 24-hour day, the natural tendency of the body clock is to extend our day beyond 24 hours.It is contrary to our biological programming to shrink our day.That is why travelling in a westward direction is more body-clock friendly than flying east. NASA studies oflong haul pilots showed that westward travel was associated with significantly better sleep quantity and qualitythan eastward flights.When flying west, you are “extending” your day, thus travelling in the natural direction of your internal clock.Flying eastward will involve “shrinking” or reducing your day and is in direct opposition to your internal clock’snatural tendency.One of the more common complaints of travelers is that their sleep becomes disrupted. There are manyreasons for this: Changing time zones and schedules, changing light and activity levels, trying to sleep when yourbody clock is programmed to be awake, disruption of the internal circadian clock and working longer hoursSleep loss, jet lag andfatiguecan seriously affect our ability to function well. Judgment and decision-makingcan be reduced by 50%, attention by 75 percent, memory by 20 percent and communication by 30 percent.It is often suggested that you adjust your watch as soon as you board a plane, supposedly to try to help youadjust to your destination’s schedule as soon as you arrive. But it can take the body clock several days to severalweeks to fully adjust to a new time zone.