5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
IV: Read the following passage and circle A, B, C or D that indicates the best answers for each of the
questions below. (5 points)
Our growing need for food, goods and energy has had many harmful effects on the environment.
Gases produced by cars, power stations and factories cause acid rain, which kills trees and damages
buildings. By using more environmentally-friendly forms of transport, we help reduce this form of
pollution.
A layer of carbon dioxide and other gases traps heat and keeps the earth at the right temperature. This is
called the green-house effect. By burning fossil fuels we are producing too much carbon dioxide, which
is causing temperatures to rise gradually. This global warming could lead to dramatic changes in climate.
A layer of gas called ozone protects the earth from harmful ultra-violet radiation. Certain chemicals used
in industry, such as CFCs have caused a hole to develop in the ozone layer. The increased levels of ultra-
violet radiation damage plants and sea life, and increase the risk of skin cancer.
Most of the energy we use to heat and light building, run machines etc. is made by burning fossil fuels.
This energy source will eventually get exhausted, so we need to use more alternative sources of energy
such as wind and solar power that are renewable and do not pollute the air. We also avoid wasting energy
but using less electricity and water and insulating our new houses.
We are destroying our forests, which produce oxygen and provide habitats – natural environments – for
animals and birds. Deforestation also allows rain to wash away the soil, making land useless for growing
things. We pollute water by dumping waste from factories and houses, and by accidentally spilling
chemicals and oil. Chemical fertilizers damage rivers and lakes by causing a layer of tiny plants, called
algal to cover the surface of water. Organic farming does not harm water supply.
Burying rubbish in landfills cam make chemicals leak through the ground into rivers, and it uses a lot of
land. Burning rubbish adds to global warning. By sorting out rubbish for recycling we can cut down on
waste.
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