ALL ROOT VEGETABLES GROW UNDERGROUND, AND NOT ALL VEGETABLES THAT...

10. All root vegetables grow underground, and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots.

A B C D

D. READING

I. Read the following passage and fill an appropriate word in each blank.

Fish live almost (1)... They are found in the near freezing waters of the Artic and in the

steaming (2)... in the tropic jungles. They live in roaring streams and in quiet (3)...

rivers. Some fish make long journeys (4)... the ocean. Others spend most of their life buried in

sand on the ocean (5)... Most fish can’t (6)... water; yet some survive for months in

dried-up riverbeds.

Fish have enormous importance (7)... man. They provide food for millions of people.

Fishermen catch them for sports, and many people (8)... them as pets. Fish are also important in

the balance of nature. They eat plants and animals and in turn, become (9)... for plants and

animals. Fish thus help keep in (10 )... the total number of plants and animals on the earth.

II. Choose the most suitable answer from the four options marked A, B, C and D to complete each

of the numbered gaps in the passage below. Write your answer on the answer sheet.

You've (1)... heard someone say that the reason you caught a cold was that you were 'run

down'. People generally accept that if you are (2)... pressure or run down you are more likely to

get ill. But is this really true (3)... is it just an old wives' tale? The problem with old sayings like

this is that it's often difficult to (4)... whether they are true or not. For example, if you ask people

with colds whether they are feeling run down, they are (5)... certain to say yes. People without

colds are more likely to say no. So, how do you (6)... if it's the cold that is making them (7)...

run down or the fact that they are run down that is making them more likely to catch a cold? Now it

seems there is a scientific answer to this question. And answer is yes - if you are run down or under

stress, you are more likely to catch a cold. Scientists at the Common Cold Research Centre ran a series

of tests. They got volunteers without colds to attend the centre, where they were first given a

questionnaire to complete. The questions measured the (8)... of stress each volunteer was under.

The volunteers were then deliberately infected with a cold virus and left to see whether they developed

a cold. After many people had been tested, the researchers looked for a (9)... between the measured

stress level and the chances of catching a cold. They found that the higher the stress, the more likely

the person was to catch a cold. At the moment it is not known why stress makes someone more likely

to become ill, but now (10)... the link has been found, researchers might be able to investigate

further. They may even find different ways of combating disease.