31. A. puts B. gets C. brings D. makes
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Originator of the Montessori method of education for preschool children, Maria
Montessori, was the first woman to receive a medical degree in Italy. After receiving her
degree in 1894, she worked with subnormal children as a psychiatrist at the University of
Rome. It was there that she pioneered in the instruction of retarded children, especially
through the use of an environment rich in manipulative materials. The success of Maria's
program with restarted children led her to believe that the same improvements could be
made in the education of normal preschool children. This led her to open the first day care
centre in Rome. With its success, similar institutions were opened in other parts of Europe
and in the United States.
In the early part of the 20
th century, however, interest in the Montessori method
declined because of those who argued that education should be more disciplined. But by the
late 1950's, the Montessori method experienced a renaissance, and in the 1960's the
American Montessori Society was formed. The chief components of the Montessori method
are self-motivation and auto-education. Followers of the method believe that a child will
learn naturally if put in an environment with the proper materials. The teacher acts as
observer and only interferes if help is needed. Educators in this system are trying to reverse
the traditional system of an active teacher and passive class. Its success is being felt in most
Western countries.
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