THE PRICE OF PETROL HAS RAISED SO RAPIDLY THAT WE DECIDED TO USE THE B...

Câu 54: The price of petrol has raised so rapidly that we decided to use the bus.A. use B. The price C. rapidly D. raisedRead the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicatethe correct answer to each of the questions (from 55 to 64). The principle of use and disuse states that those parts of organisms' bodies that are usedgrown larger. Those parts that are not tend to wither away. It is an observed fact that when youexercise particular muscles, they grow. Those that are never used dimish. By examining a man'sbody, we can tell which muscles he uses and which he doesn't. we may even be able to guess hisprofession or his reaction. Enthusiasts of the "body- building" cult make use of the principle of useand disuse to "build" their bodies, almost like a piece of sculpture, into whatever unnatural shape isdemanded by fashion in this peculiar minority culture. Muscles are not the only parts of the bodythat respond to use in this kind of way. Walk barefoot and you acquire harder skin on your soles. Itis easy to tell a farmer from a bank teller by looking at their hands alone. The farmer's hands arehorny, hardened by long exposure to rough work. The teller's hands are relatively soft. The principle of use and disuse enables animals to become better at the job of surviving intheir world, progressively better during their lifetime as a result of living in that world. Humans,through direct exposure to sunlight, or lack of it, develop a skin color which equips them better tosurvive in the particular local conditions. Too much sunlight is dangerous. Enthusiastic sunbathers with very fair skins aresusceptible to skin cancer. Too little sunlight, on the other hand, leads to vitamin-D deficiency andrickets. The brown pigment melanin which is synthesized under the influence of sunlight, makes ascreen to protect the underlying tissues from the harmful effects of further sunlight. If a suntannedperson moves to a less sunny climate, the melanin disappears, and the body is able to benefit fromwhat little sun there is. This can be represented as an instance of the principle of use and disuse:skin goes brown when it is "used", and fades to white when it is not.