1. THEORETICAL BACKGROUNDA.CHARTSA CHART IS A GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATI...

2. - (SÁNG KIẾN KINH NGHIỆM) IMPROVING STUDENTS ABILITY TO DESCRIBE CHARTS IN TIENG ANH 11 THROUGH QUESTION SYSTEMS COMBINED WITH GAMES 2. - (SÁNG KIẾN KINH NGHIỆM) IMPROVING STUDENTS ABILITY TO DESCRIBE CHARTS IN TIENG ANH 11 THROUGH QUESTION SYSTEMS COMBINED WITH GAMES
Tiếng Anh (SÁNG KIẾN KINH NGHIỆM) IMPROVING STUDENTS ABILITY TO DESCRIBE CHARTS IN TIENG ANH 11 THROUGH QUESTION SYSTEMS COMBINED WITH GAMES
2.1. Theoretical backgrounda.ChartsA chart is a graphical representation of data, in which "the data is representedby symbols, such as bars in a bar chart, lines in a line chart, or slices in a piechart". A chart can represent tabular numeric data, functions or some kinds ofqualitative structure and provides different info.The term "chart" as a graphical representation of data has multiple meanings:* A data chart is a type of diagram or graph that organizes and represents a set ofnumerical or qualitative data.

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Maps that are adorned with extra information for some specific purpose are oftenknown as charts, such as a nautical chart or aeronautical chart.* Other domain specific constructs are sometimes called charts, such as the chordchart in music notation or a record chart for album popularity.Charts are often used to ease understanding of large quantities of data and therelationships between parts of the data. Charts can usually be read more quicklythan the raw data that they are produced from. They are used in a wide variety offields, and can be created by hand (often on graph paper) or by computer usinga charting application. Certain types of charts are more useful for presenting agiven data set than others. For example, data that presents percentages in differentgroups (such as "satisfied, not satisfied, unsure ") are often displayed in a pie chart,but may be more easily understood when presented in a horizontal bar chart. On theother hand, data that represents numbers that change over a period of time (such as"annual revenue from 1990 to 2000") might be best shown as a line chart.b. Describing a chartIn textbooks at upper secondary school, there are bar charts and pie charts so I onlymention two these types. These types of charts are usually used for comparisonpurposes (unlike line charts, which describe changes).When you write about a bar chart it is important to look first at the Chart Title. Thistells you what information the chart displays and you can use this information inyour description.Then look at the X and Y axes. The titles of these axes sometimes give youinformation you can use in your description. It is important also to look at theUNITS. Bar charts show similarities and differences. When describing these charts youneed to make comparisons. You also need to group together any columns whichhave broad similarities.To write a short description of the chart, ask yourself (and answer!) thefollowing questions: