P ( PAST PARTICIPABLE = V3/ED) A/ SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE ( A ) S + V1 /V ES /S + O + (M ) (P ) S + IS /AM ARE + P
7. Passive voice: be + p.p ( past participable = V3/ed) a/ Simple present tense ( A ) S + V
1
/V es /s + O + (M ) (P ) S + is /am are + p.p + (M ) + by + Ob/ Simple past tense : (A ) S + Ved /V2
+ O + ( M ) (P ) S +was /were + p.p + ( M ) + by + Oc / Modal verbs : Will / shall /can / could /must/ should /may / might / have to / used to / be going to (A ) S + Modal verb + V1
+ O + (M ) (P ) S + Modal verb +be +p.p + ( M ) + by + O d / Present perfect tense : ( A ) S + have /has +p.p + O + ( M ) ( P ) S + have / has + been + p.p + (M ) + by + O