IT IS IMPLIED IN THE PASSAGE THAT GAULISH________.A. IS DECLINING IN...

Câu 43: It is implied in the passage that Gaulish________.

A. is declining in us

B. has been revived in the last century

C. was replaced by Latin

D. first surfaced after the Roman Empire

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C and D to indicate the

correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.

Television has transformed politics by changing the way in which information is disseminated,

by altering political campaigns, and by changing citizen’s patterns of response to politics. By

giving citizens independent access to the candidates, television diminished the role of the

political party in the selection of the major party candidates. By centering politics on the person

of the candidate, television accelerated the citizen’s focus on character rather than issues.

Television has altered the forms of political communication as well. The messages on which

most of us rely are briefer than they once were. The

stump speech

, a political speech given

by traveling politicians and lasting 3/2 to 2 hours, which characterized nineteenth century

political discourse, has

given way to

the 30-second advertisement and the ten-second “sound

bite” in broadcast news. Increasingly, the audience for speeches is not

that

standing in front of

the politician but rather the viewing audience who will hear and see a snippet of the speech on

the news.

In these abbreviated forms, much of what constituted the traditional political discourse of earlier

ages has been lost. In 15 or 30 seconds, a speaker cannot establish the historical context that

shaped the issue in question, cannot detail the probable causes of the problem, and cannot

examine alternative proposals to argue that one is preferable to others. In snippets, politicians

assert but do not argue.

Because television is an intimate medium, speaking through it require a changed political style

that was more conversational, personal, and visual than that of the old style stump speech.

Reliance on television means that increasingly our political world contains memorable pictures

rather than memorable words. Schools teach US to analyze words and print. However, in a

world in which politics is increasingly visual, informed citizenship requires a new set of skills.

Recognizing the power of television’s pictures, politicians craft staged events, called pseudo-

event, designed to attract media coverage. Much of the political activity we see on television

news has been crafted by politicians, their speechwriters, and their public relation advisers for

televised consumption. Sound bites in news and answers to questions in debates increasingly

sound like advertisements.