THENATIVES WERE ANGRY WHEN FOREIGNERS CAME TO THEIR COUNTRY AND TOOK...

Câu 9: The

natives

were angry when foreigners came to their country and took over their land.

A. locals

B. members

C. tourists

D. migrants

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer

sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Less than a year ago marketing director, David Smith, 33 was behaving like a secret agent. He

used to secretly tape all his conversations, he refused to sign his name and he would ask his

secretary to check all his emails. Anything he wrote was photocopied and kept as “evidence”.

But David isn’t mad, or even

mildly

eccentric. He suffers from ‘responsibility OCD’, one of

more common form of obsessive compulsive disorder, or OCD, as it is usually known.

OCD is now recognized as the second most prevalent mental-health problem, after depression –

and the number of reported cases is soaring. Experts estimate that 2% - 3% of the population

suffer from the fullblown syndrome, with as many as one in five suffering from a milder form.

OCD sufferers are tortured by obsessional thoughts, such as worrying that their hands are

contaminated by germs. The terrible anxiety is only relieved by performing a particular set of

behaviors. Unfortunately, any sense of relief is short-lived, which is why the behavior must be

repeated again and again. OCD sufferers know their behavior is irrational, yet feel powerless to

stop.

Common treatments are either antidepressants or behavioral therapy with a psychologist, but

only 60% of patients show some improvement. However, a new treatment from America is

bringing fresh hope to sufferers.

One of the OCD gurus and neuropsychiatrists, Jeffrey Schwartz, has designed the Four Steps

program which employs meditation techniques with the aim of teaching sufferers to manage

their

symptoms by themselves. “The goal is to learn to

override

false brain messages”,

explains Schwartz.

There are different theories about what causes the disorder. Most experts recognize a genetic

element that can be triggered by a stressful event. Schwartz believes that the OCD ‘worry

circuit’ is a direct result of faulty brain chemistry. ‘When someone experiences an OCD thought,

one part of the brain knows quite clearly that the hand are not dirty’, explains Schwartz ‘Some

part of the brain is standing apart from the symptoms, reflecting on the sheer bizarreness of it all.

The objective is to harness this impartial spectator so that patients can use this healthy part of

their brain to resist the compulsions.’ David Smith is delighted with the results of Schwartz’s

treatment. ‘Now I can sign cheques without a problem’, he says brightly. ‘And I don’t

photocopy them either. OCD used to feel like a huge stigma, but I don’t feel handicapped by it

any more. You just deal with it.’