BOTH UNIVERSITIESSPEAK HIGHLY OFTHE PROGRAMME OF STUDENT EXCHANGE AND...
Câu 16:
Both universities
speak highly of
the programme of student exchange and hope to cooperate more
in the future.
A.
express disapproval of
B.
voice opinions on
C.
find favor with
D.
resolve a conflict over
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 17 to 24.
The difference between the nuclear family and the extended family is that a nuclear family refers to
a single basic family unit of parents and their children, whereas the extended family refers to their
relatives such as grandparents, in-laws, aunts and uncles, etc. In many cultures, and particularly
indigenous societies,
the latter
is the most common basic form of social organization.
A nuclear family is limited, according to Kristy Jackson of Colorado State University, to one or
two parents (e.g. a father and mother) and their own child, or children, living together in a single house
or other dwellings. In anthropology, they only must be related in this fashion; there is no upper or
lower limit on the number of children in a nuclear family.
The extended family is a much more nebulous term, but in essence refers to kin or relations not
covered by the above definition. In historical Europe and Asia as well as in Middle Eastern, African,
and South American Aboriginal cultures, extended family groups were typically the most basic unit of
social organization. The term can differ in specific cultural settings, but generally includes people
related in age or by lineage. Anthropologically, the term “extended family” refers to such a group
living together in a household, often with three generations living together (grandparents, parents, and
children) and headed in
patriarchal
societies by the eldest man or by some other chosen leadership
figure. However, in common parlance, the term “extended family” is often used by people simply to
refer to their cousins, aunts, uncles, and so on, even though they are not living together in a single
group.
Historically, most people in the world have lived in extended family groupings rather than in nuclear
families. This was even true in Europe and in the early United States, where multiple generations often
lived together for economic reasons. During the 20th century, average income rose high enough that
living apart as
nuclear families became a
viable
option for the vast majority of the American population. In contrast,
many indigenous societies and residents of developing countries continue to have multiple generations
living in the same household. The rise of the nuclear family in the modern West does not necessarily
mean that family arrangements have stabilized, either. The rapid growth in single-parent households,
for instance, also represents a substantial change in the traditional nuclear family. More couples are
also choosing not to have children at all.
Câu 17:
What is the passage mainly about?
A.
The dominance of nuclear families over extended ones
B.
The dominance of extended families over nuclear ones
C.
A distinction between nuclear families and extended ones
D.
The changes of family types over times