Câu 38: A. annual B. country C. agree D. letter
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 39 to 46.
Conserving The World’s Natural Resources
In the decade of the 1970s, the United Nations organised several important meetings on the human
environment to study a very serious problem. We humans are destroying the world around us. We are using
up all of our natural resources. We must learn to conserve them, or life will be very bad for our children
and our grandchildren.
There are several major parts to this problem.
Population. Most problems of the environment come from population growth. In 1700 there were
625 million people in the world. In 1900 there were 1.6 billion. In 1950 2.5 billion, and in 1980 4.4 billion.
In the year 2010 there will be over 6 billion. More people need more water, more food, more wood, and
more petroleum.
Distribution. Scientists say there is enough water in the world for everyone, but some countries
have a lot of water and some have only a little. Some areas get all their rain during one season. The rest of
the year is dry. There are huge forests in the Amazon area of Brazil. In other parts of the world there is only
desert.
Petroleum. We are using up the world's petroleum. We use it in our cars and to heat our buildings
in winter. Farmers use petrochemicals to make the soil rich. They use to kill insects that eat plants. These
chemicals go into rivers and lakes and kill the fish there. Thousands of people also die from these
chemicals every year. Chemicals also go into the air and pollute it. Winds carry this polluted air to other
countries and other continents.
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Poverty. Poor farmers use the same land over and over. The land needs a rest so it will be better
next year. However, the farmer must have food this year. Poor people cut down trees for firewood. In some
areas when the trees are gone, the land becomes desert. However, people need wood to cook their food
now. Poor people cannot save the environment for the future.
We now have the information and the ability to solve these huge problems. However, this is not a
problem for one country or one area of the world. It is a problem for all humans. The people and the nations
of the world must work together to conserve the world’s resources. No one controls the future, but we all
help make it.
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