35. A. achievements B. developments C. fiction D. progress
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
The advent of the Internet may be one of the most important technological
developments in recent years. Never before have so many people had access to so many
different sources of information. For all of the Internet’s advantages, however, people are
currently becoming aware of some of its drawbacks and are looking for creative solutions.
Among the current problems, which include a general lack of reliability and numerous
security concerns, the most crucial is speed.
First of all, the Internet has grown very quickly. In 1990, only a few academics had
ever heard of the Internet. In 1996, over 50 million people used it. Every year, the number of
people with access to the Internet doubles. The rapid growth has been a problem. The
computer systems which run the Internet have not been able to keep up with the demand.
Also, sometimes a request for information must pass through many routing computers before
the information can be obtained. A request for information made in Paris might have to go
through computers in New York, Los Angeles and Tokyo in order to obtain the required
information. Consequently, service is often slow and unpredictable. Service also tends to be
worse when the Internet is busiest – during the business day of the Western Hemisphere -
which is also when companies need its service the most.
Some people are trying to harness the power of networked computers in such a
way to avoid this problem. In 1995, a group of American universities banded together to
form what has come to be known as Internet II. Internet II is a smaller, more specialized,
fewer users are allowed access. Consequently, the time required to receive information has
decreased.
Businesses are beginning to explore a possible analogue to the Internet II.
Many businesses are creating their own “Intranets”. These are systems that can only be used
by the members of the same company. In theory, fewer users should translate into a faster
system. Intranets are very useful for large national and international companies whose
branches need to share information. Another benefit of an Intranet is an increased amount of
security. Since only company employees have access to the information on the Intranet, their
information is protected from competitors. While there is little doubt that the Internet will
eventually be a fast, reliable service, industry and the academic community have taken their
own steps toward making more practical global networks.
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