FOREIGN STUDENTS WHO ARE DOING A DECISION ABOUT WHICH SCHOOL TO AT...

70. Foreign students who are doing a decision about which school to attend may not know exactly where the

choices are located. A B C D

X. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct

answer to each of the questions from (71) _______ to (72) _______.

PANDEMIC

Diseases are a natural part of life on Earth. If there were no diseases, the population would grow too

quickly, and there would not be enough food or other resources. So in a way, diseases are nature's way of

keeping the Earth in balance. But sometimes they spread very quickly and kill large numbers of people. For

example, in 1918, an outbreak of the flu spread across the world, killing over 25 million people in only six

months. Such terrible outbreaks of a disease are called pandemics.

Pandemics happen when a disease changes in a way that our bodies are not prepared to fight. In 1918,

a new type of flu virus appeared. Our bodies had no way to fight this new flu virus, and so it spread very

quickly and killed large numbers of people. While there have been many different pandemic diseases

throughout history, all of them have a few things in common.

First, all pandemic diseases spread from one person to another very easily. Second, while they may

kill many people, they generally do not kill people very quickly. A good example of this would be the

Marburg virus. The Marburg virus is an extremely infectious disease. In addition, it is deadly. About 70-80%

of all the people who get the Marburg virus die from the disease. However, the Marburg virus has not become

a pandemic because most people die within three days of getting the disease. This means that the virus does

not have enough time to spread to a large number of people. The flu virus of 1918, on the other hand,

generally took about a week to ten days to kill its victims, so it had more time to spread.

While we may never be able to completely stop pandemics, we can make them less common. Doctors

carefully monitor new diseases that they fear could become pandemics. For example, in 2002 and 2003,

doctors carefully watched SARS. Their health warnings may have prevented SARS from becoming a

pandemic.